Xa igridi yegridi kunye nezinye iimpembelelo zitshintsha kuluhlu oluthile, inokubonelela ngombane ozinzileyo.
Yintoni eqhubekayo ngoku? Yintoni amandla ombane akhoyo ngoku?
Okwangoku okwangoku kungabizwa ngokuba kungoku okuzinzileyo, okufanayo ngentsingiselo kwaye ngokubanzi akufuneki kwahlulwe. Xa kuthelekiswa nomqondo wombane oqhubekayo, umxholo wexesha langoku unzima ukuwuqonda, kuba imithombo yevolthi rhoqo ixhaphake kubomi bemihla ngemihla. Ukugcinwa kweebhetri kunye neebhetri ezomileyo zii-DC ezihambisa umbane rhoqo, ngelixa i-220V AC inokuqwalaselwa njengohlobo lwee-AC zamandla ombane, kuba umbane wazo awutshintshanga, awufani kakhulu notshintsho lwangoku.
Okokuqala, nikela umzekelo: ixabiso langoku elihlala lihlengahlengiswa kwi-1A kunye nombane ophuma phezulu ukuya kuthi ga kwi-100V. Xa uvula iswitshi samandla salo mthombo wangoku, uya kubona ukuba lixabiso elingakanani i-voltmeter yombane kunye nemitha yangoku. Intoni? Ingabonakala ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba umbane wokuphuma yi-100V kwaye iziphumo ezikhoyo ziyi-0A. Umntu othile wakha wabuza, awunguye umthombo we-100V 1A osisigxina? Kutheni le nto imveliso ingeyiyo i-100V 1A? Apha kusafuneka sisebenzise umthetho ka-Ohm ukucacisa. Ngokwethiyori, inokubalwa ngolu hlobo: umbane wokuphuma kombane U = IR, apho u-U ngumbane wokuphuma, ndinguye okhoyo ngoku, kwaye u-R kukumelana nomthwalo.
Oku kulandelayo kwahlulwe kwaba ziimeko ezi-5 zokuchaza:
Ukuba umbane awukho mthwalo, R unokumelwa ngokungapheliyo, U = I * ∞, kuba unikezelo lwamandla lunokukhupha i-1A yangoku, ukuba umbane okhoyo ngoku ngu-1A, u-U = 1A * ∞ = ∞, kunye Amandla ombane anokuvelisa kuphela i-100V ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, umbane unokuvelisa kuphela amandla ombane we-100V. Kuba umbane awunako ukuvelisa umbane ongapheliyo, okwangoku kunokuba lixabiso elincinci kakhulu, oko kukuthi, imveliso yangoku ngu-0A, Oko kukuthi, I = U / R = 100V / ∞ = 0A.
Ukuba uxinzelelo lomthwalo R = 200 ohms, ke kuba unikezelo lwamandla lunokukhupha kuphela i-100V, okwangoku kunokuba yi-0.5A kuphela, oko kukuthi, mna = U / R = 100V / 200R = 0.5A
Ukuba uxinzelelo lomthwalo R = 100 ohms, kuba unikezelo lwamandla lunokukhupha i-100V, i-current inokufikelela kwi-1A, oko kukuthi, I = U / R = 100V / 100R = 1A, kunye nemveliso ekhoyo ngoku ifikelela kwixabiso langoku eliqhubekayo ukunikezwa Amandla.
Ukuba ukuxhathisa umthwalo kuyaqhubeka ukwehla, tshintsha ube yi-50 ohms. Ngokomgaqo I = U / R = 100V / 50R = 2A. Kodwa eyona nto iphambili apha kukuba umbane wethu unikezela ngombane kunye nexabiso langoku eliyi-1A, ke imveliso ekhoyo ngeli xesha inokunyanzelwa kuphela ukuba ithintelwe kwi-1A endaweni ye-2A, ke imveliso yombane inokunyanzelwa kuphela ukulahla ukuya kwi-50V endaweni ye-100V. Apha kusafuneka sithobele umthetho ka-Ohm, oko kukuthi, U = IR = 1A * 50R = 50V
Ukuba uxinzelelo lomthwalo luba ngu-0 ohm (isekethe emfutshane), ke okoko imveliso yangoku inokuba yi-1A kuphela, umbane wokuphuma unokuba yi-0V kuphela, oko kukuthi, U = I * R = 1A * 0R = 0V
Ukusuka kule mizekelo mihlanu ingentla, kunokubonwa ukuba uxinzelelo lomthwalo lukhulu kakhulu, umbane okhupha umbane awunakufikelela kwixabiso langoku eliqhubekayo, ke umbane wokuphuma komthombo wangoku uya kunyuka ngokuzenzekelayo ufike kumandla ombane aphezulu Ukunikezelwa kwamandla, kuphela xa uxinzelelo lomthwalo lincinci kwixabiso elithile Isiphumo samandla ombane sifikelela kwixabiso langoku, kwaye unikezelo lwamandla ngokwenene lusebenza ngoku. Ngokuhla ngokuthe chu kwexabiso lokumelana nomthwalo, umbane wokuphuma nawo wehla rhoqo ukugcina imveliso ikho rhoqo. Lo ngumbono wokuhlala ukho ngoku.
Ngokubanzi, nokuba ngaba kukuhambisa umbane rhoqo okanye unikezelo lwamandla rhoqo, ziyafana ngokufanayo. Iziphumo zazo zii-voltage kunye nezangoku. Kwizixa ezibini, umbane unokulawula enye yazo, okanye uzinzise amandla ombane, nokuba uzinzisa okwangoku, elinye inani kufuneka limiselwe kukumelana nomthwalo, kwaye uxhathiso lomthwalo lumiselwe ngumsebenzisi, ke enye Iziphumo ezimbini zonikezelo lwamandla kufuneka zimiselwe ngumsebenzisi. Ngokuhambelana nengqondo, ngokuhambelana nomthetho ka-Ohm, inokuthi isetyenziswe ngumsebenzisi, akunamsebenzi nokuba ngaba umbane wokuphuma kunye nokukhutshwa kwangoku kunokunikwa ngaxeshanye.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-26-2021